Respiratory and Gastrointestinal COVID-19 Phenotypes in Kidney Transplant Recipients


Por: Crespo M, Mazuecos A, Rodrigo E, Gavela E, Villanego F, Sánchez-Alvarez E, González-Monte E, Jiménez-Martín C, Melilli E, Diekman F, Zárraga S, Hernández D and Pascual J

Publicada: 1 nov 2020 Ahead of Print: 13 ago 2020
Categoría: Transplantation

Resumen:
Background. Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed at risk the kidney transplant (KT) population. We describe clinical pictures, risk factors for death, and chances to recovery in a large cohort of KT recipients with COVID-19. Methods. Inclusion in a Spanish prospectively filled registry was allowed for KT cases with confirmed COVID-19. Outcomes were assessed as in-hospital mortality or recovery. Results. The study population comprised of 414 patients. Fever, respiratory symptoms, and dyspnea were the most frequent COVID-19-related symptoms, and 81.4% of them had pneumonia. More than one-third of patients showed digestive symptoms at diagnosis, combinations of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Most patients were hospitalized, 12.1% in intensive care units, and 17.6% needed ventilator support. Treatment for COVID-19 included frequently hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, high-dose steroids, lopinavir/ritonavir, and tocilizumab. After a mean follow-up of 44 days, the fatality rate was 26.3%. Pneumonia without gastrointestinal symptoms was associated with a 36.3% mortality (respiratory phenotype), and gastrointestinal symptoms without pneumonia with a 5.3% mortality (gastrointestinal phenotype). The mixed pneumonia and gastrointestinal phenotype showed an intermediate mortality of 19.5% (mixed phenotype). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age and pneumonia were independently associated with death, whereas the gastrointestinal phenotype was associated with recovery. Conclusions. COVID-19 is frequent among the KT population. Advanced age and pneumonia are the main clinical features associated with a high-mortality rate. Gastrointestinal disease is associated with a more benign course and lower mortality.

Filiaciones:
Crespo M:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Institute Mar for Medical Research, REDinREN (RD16/0009/0013), Barcelona, Spain

Mazuecos A:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain

Rodrigo E:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain

:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain

Villanego F:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, Spain

Sánchez-Alvarez E:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Cabueñes, Gijón, Spain

González-Monte E:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain

Jiménez-Martín C:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

Melilli E:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain

Diekman F:
 Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain

Zárraga S:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital de Cruces, Bilbao, Spain

Hernández D:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, University of Málaga, IBIMA, REDinREN (RD16/0009/0006) Málaga, Spain

Pascual J:
 Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar, Institute Mar for Medical Research, REDinREN (RD16/0009/0013), Barcelona, Spain
ISSN: 00411337





Transplantation
Editorial
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ltd., TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA, Estados Unidos America
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 104 Número: 11
Páginas: 2225-2233
WOS Id: 000583057000009
ID de PubMed: 32804802
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