Role of albumin in the preservation of endothelial glycocalyx integrity and the microcirculation: a review
Por:
Aldecoa C, Llau JV, Nuvials X and Artigas A
Publicada:
22 jun 2020
Ahead of Print:
22 jun 2020
Categoría:
Critical care and intensive care medicine
Resumen:
The endothelial glycocalyx comprises a complex layer of membrane-bound proteoglycans, secreted glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids and bound plasma proteins such as albumin and antithrombin associated with the endothelial surface. The glycocalyx plays an important role in vascular homeostasis, regulating vascular permeability and cell adhesion, and acts as a mechanosensor for hemodynamic shear stresses; it also has antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory functions. Plasma proteins such as albumin are physiologically bound within the glycocalyx, thus contributing to stability of the layer. Albumin is the major determinant of plasma colloid osmotic pressure. In addition, albumin transports sphingosine-1-phosphate which has protective endothelial effects, acts as a free radical scavenger, and has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This review examines the physiological function of the endothelial glycocalyx and the role of human albumin in preserving glycocalyx integrity and the microcirculation.
Filiaciones:
Aldecoa C:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, c/Dulzaina 2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Critical Care, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Universitat de València, c/Gaspar Aguilar 90, 46017, Valencia, Spain
Nuvials X:
Intensive Care Unit, and SODIR Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
Artigas A:
Critical Care Center, Corporacion Sanitaria Universitaria Parc Tauli, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Parc Tauli 1, 08028, Sabadell, Spain.
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