The microbiome in respiratory medicine: current challenges and future perspectives
Por:
Faner R, Sibila O, Agustí A, Bernasconi E, Chalmers JD, Huffnagle GB, Manichanh C, Molyneaux PL, Paredes R, Pérez Brocal V, Ponomarenko J, Sethi S, Dorca J and Monsó E
Publicada:
1 abr 2017
Resumen:
The healthy lung has previously been considered to be a sterile organ because standard microbiological culture techniques consistently yield negative results. However, culture-independent techniques report that large numbers of microorganisms coexist in the lung. There are many unknown aspects in the field, but available reports show that the lower respiratory tract microbiota: 1) is similar in healthy subjects to the oropharyngeal microbiota and dominated by members of the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla; 2) shows changes in smokers and well-defined differences in chronic respiratory diseases, although the temporal and spatial kinetics of these changes are only partially known; and 3) shows relatively abundant non-cultivable bacteria in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis, with specific patterns for each disease. In all of these diseases, a loss of diversity, paralleled by an over-representation of Proteobacteria (dysbiosis), has been related to disease severity and exacerbations. However, it is unknown whether dysbiosis is a cause or a consequence of the damage to bronchoalveolar surfaces.
Finally, little is known about bacterial functionality and the interactions between viruses, fungi and bacteria. It is expected that future research in bacterial gene expressions, metagenomics longitudinal analysis and host-microbiome animal models will help to move towards targeted microbiome interventions in respiratory diseases.
Filiaciones:
Faner R:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias - CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
These co-primary authors contributed equally to this work
Sibila O:
Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autónoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
These co-primary authors contributed equally to this work
Agustí A:
Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias - CIBERES, Madrid, Spain
Bernasconi E:
Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
Chalmers JD:
University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
Huffnagle GB:
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Manichanh C:
Dept of Gastroenterology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
Molyneaux PL:
Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
Paredes R:
Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autónoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
:
CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain
Joint Research Unit on Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health) and Cavanilles Institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Ponomarenko J:
Centro de Regulación Genómica, Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
Sethi S:
University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
Dorca J:
Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
These co-senior authors contributed equally to this work
Monsó E:
Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
These co-senior authors contributed equally to this work
Green Submitted, Bronze
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