Is Saffron Able to Prevent the Dysregulation of Retinal Cytokines Induced by Ocular Hypertension in Mice?
Por:
Fernández-Albarral JA, Martínez-López MA, Marco EM, de Hoz R, Martín-Sánchez B, San Felipe D, Salobrar-García E, López-Cuenca I, Pinazo-Durán MD, Salazar JJ, Ramírez JM, López-Gallardo M and Ramírez AI
Publicada:
1 nov 2021
Ahead of Print:
20 oct 2021
Categoría:
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Resumen:
Cytokine- and chemokine-mediated signalling is involved in the neuroinflammatory process that leads to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage in glaucoma. Substances with anti-inflammatory properties could decrease these cytokines and chemokines and thus prevent RGC death. The authors of this study analysed the anti-inflammatory effect of a hydrophilic saffron extract standardized to 3% crocin content, focusing on the regulation of cytokine and chemokine production, in a mouse model of unilateral laser-induced ocular hypertension (OHT). We demonstrated that following saffron treatment, most of the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-17), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and fractalkine were unaffected in response to laser-induced OHT in both the OHT eye and its contralateral eye. Only IL-6 levels were significantly increased in the OHT eye one day after laser induction compared with the control group. These results differed from those observed in animals subjected to unilateral OHT and not treated with saffron, where changes in cytokine levels occurred in both eyes. Therefore, saffron extract regulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines, VEGF, and fractalkine induced by increasing intraocular pressure (IOP), protecting the retina from inflammation. These results indicate that saffron could be beneficial in glaucoma by helping to reduce the inflammatory process.
Filiaciones:
Fernández-Albarral JA:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Martínez-López MA:
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo UCM 951579, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Marco EM:
Departamento de Genética, Facultad de CC. Biológicas, Fisiología y Microbiología, Grupo UCM 951579, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
de Hoz R:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Oftalmología y ORL, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Martín-Sánchez B:
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo UCM 951579, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
San Felipe D:
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo UCM 951579, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Salobrar-García E:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Oftalmología y ORL, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
López-Cuenca I:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
:
Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía"-FISABIO and Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmobiology Unit, University of Valencia, 46017 Valencia, Spain
Salazar JJ:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Oftalmología y ORL, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Ramírez JM:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Oftalmología y ORL, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
López-Gallardo M:
Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo UCM 951579, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Ramírez AI:
Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Grupo UCM 920105, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Oftalmología y ORL, IdISSC, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Green Published, Green Accepted, gold
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