High adherence to a mediterranean diet at age 4 reduces overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity incidence in children at the age of 8
Por:
Notario-Barandiaran L, Valera-Gran D, Gonzalez-Palacios S, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, Fernández-Barrés S, Pereda-Pereda E, Fernández-Somoano A, Guxens M, Iñiguez C, Romaguera D, Vrijheid M, Tardón A, Santa-Marina L, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM and INMA Project
Publicada:
1 sep 2020
Ahead of Print:
1 mar 2020
Resumen:
Background/objectives A higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been shown to be protective against obesity in adults, but the evidence is still inconclusive in children at early ages. Our objective was to explore the association between adherence to Mediterranean Diet at the age of 4 and the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity at 4 years of age, and incidence at the age of 8. Subjects/methods We analyzed data from children of the INMA cohort study who attended follow-up visits at age 4 and 8 years (n = 1801 and n = 1527, respectively). Diet was assessed at the age of 4 using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The adherence to MD was evaluated by the relative Mediterranean diet (rMED) score, and categorized as low (0-6), medium (7-10), and high (11-16). Overweight and obesity were defined according to the age-sex specific BMI cutoffs proposed by the International Obesity Task Force, and abdominal obesity as waist circumference >90th percentile. We used Poisson regression models to estimate prevalence ratios at 4 years of age, and Cox regression analysis to estimate hazard ratios (HR) from 4-8 years of age. Results In cross-sectional analyses at the age of 4 no association was observed between adherence to MD and overweight, obesity, or abdominal obesity. In longitudinal analyses, a high adherence to MD at age 4 was associated with lower incidence of overweight (HR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.21-0.67; p = 0.001), obesity (HR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.05-0.53; p = 0.002), and abdominal obesity (HR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.73; p = 0.008) at the age of 8. Conclusion This study shows that a high adherence to MD at the age of 4 is associated with a lower risk of developing overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity at age 8. If these results are confirmed by other studies, MD may be recommended to reduce the incidence of obesity at early ages.
Filiaciones:
Notario-Barandiaran L:
Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynaecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
Valera-Gran D:
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
Department of Pathology and Surgery, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Gonzalez-Palacios S:
Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynaecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
Garcia-de-la-Hera M:
Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynaecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Fernández-Barrés S:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
Pereda-Pereda E:
Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
Fernández-Somoano A:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
Guxens M:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Departamento de estadística e I.O. Universitat de València, València, Spain
Romaguera D:
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
Vrijheid M:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
Tardón A:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
Santa-Marina L:
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
Department of Health, Basque Government, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
Vioque J:
Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynaecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Navarrete-Muñoz EM:
Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynaecology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
Department of Pathology and Surgery, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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